Atopic dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and red patches of skin. It typically begins in early childhood but can persist or develop in adults. The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors. The condition is often associated with other atopic disorders such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms through the use of moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, and avoiding triggers that exacerbate the condition.